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KMID : 1161420120150040335
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Journal of Medicinal Food
2012 Volume.15 No. 4 p.335 ~ p.343
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β-Sitosterol Prevents Lipid Peroxidation and Improves Antioxidant Status and Histoarchitecture in Rats with 1,2-Dimethylhydrazine-Induced Colon Cancer
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Baskar Arul Albert
Al Numair Khalid S.
Paulraj Micheal Gabriel
Alsaif Mohammed A.
Al Muamar May
Ignacimuthu Savarimuthu
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Abstract
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Oxidative stress has become widely viewed as an underlying condition in diseases such as ischemia/reperfusion disorders, central nervous system disorders, cardiovascular disease, cancer, diabetes, etc. The role that antioxidants play in the process of carcinogenesis has recently gained considerable attention. β-Sitosterol, a naturally occurring sterol molecule, is a relatively mild to moderate antioxidant and exerts beneficial effects in vitro by decreasing the level of reactive oxygen species. The present study evaluated the antioxidant potential of β-sitosterol in 1,2-dimethylhydrazine (DMH)-induced colon carcinogenesis. The enzymatic and nonenzymatic antioxidants and lipid peroxides in colonic and hepatic tissues were evaluated. Generation of reactive oxygen species, beyond the body's endogenous antioxidant capacity, causes a severe imbalance of cellular antioxidant defense mechanisms. Elevated levels of liver lipid peroxides by DMH induction were effectively decreased by β-sitosterol supplementation. β-Sitosterol also exhibited a protective action against DMH-induced depletion of antioxidants such as catalase, superoxide dismutase, glutathione peroxidase, glutathione reductase, glutathione S-transferase, and reduced glutathione in colonic and hepatic tissues of experimental animals. Supplementation with β-sitosterol restored the levels of nonenzymatic antioxidants (vitamin C, vitamin E, and glutathione). Histopathological alterations in DMH-induced animals were restored to near normal in rats treated with β-sitosterol. Thus, β-sitosterol by virtue of its antioxidant potential may be used as an effective agent to reduce DMH-induced oxidative stress in Wistar rats and may be an effective chemopreventive drug for colon carcinogenesis.
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KEYWORD
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chemoprevention, colon carcinogenesis, 1,2-dimethylhydrazine, oxidative stress, β-sitosterol
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